Kloseck, Osteoporosis management in long-term care. Cooper, C., The crippling consequences of fractures and their impact on quality of life. Melton, 3rd, The worldwide problem of osteoporosis: insights afforded by epidemiology. Magaziner, J., et al., Predictors of functional recovery one year following hospital discharge for hip fracture: a prospective study. Magaziner, J., et al., Excess mortality attributable to hip fracture in white women aged 70 years and older. Leibson, C.L., et al., Mortality, disability, and nursing home use for persons with and without hip fracture: a population-based study. Kannus, P., et al., Epidemiology of osteoporotic ankle fractures in elderly persons in Finland. This, however, does not exclude other sites, including fracture of the humerus, ribs, tibia (excluding the ankle), pelvis and other femoral fractures, where osteoporosis fractures can occur partly due to low BMD, especially after the age of 50 years.Īll of these fractures have major consequences on patients’ quality of life as they cause substantial pain and disability, which results in a loss of independence, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality Cooper, C., et al., Population-based study of survival after osteoporotic fractures. With this definition of fragility fractures, the most frequent fractures occur at the hip, spine and forearm. As such, osteoporosis fracture sites are now more and more characterised by their association with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increasing incidence with age, after the age of 50 years Kanis, J.A., et al., The burden of osteoporotic fractures: a method for setting intervention thresholds. However, individuals with osteoporosis compared to healthy individuals, suffer fractures from high-energy trauma at a greater frequency Sanders, K.M., et al., The exclusion of high trauma fractures may underestimate the prevalence of bone fragility fractures in the community: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Fractures occurring in a setting of low-level or low-energy trauma, defined as falling from standing height or less, are usually considered as osteoporotic National Institute for Health and Care Excellence NICE: Clinical Guideline - Osteoporosis: assessing the risk of fragility fracture. These fractures arise following an event which would otherwise not be expected to result in a fracture. This capacity is influenced by bone mineral density, but also by bone geometry, microstructure and quality.įragility fractures are the clinical outcome of osteoporosis. A patient who has sustained one fragility fracture is at high risk of experiencing secondary fractures, especially in the first two years following the initial fracture.Ī fracture arises when the load-bearing capacity of a bone is exceeded by forces applied to it, for example during trauma. Fragility fractures, which result from low energy trauma, such as a fall from standing height or less, are a sign of underlying osteoporosis.
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